Guatemala to Investigate Human Experimentation by U.S. DoctorsBy Danilo Valladares
GUATEMALA CITY, Oct 11, 2010 (IPS) - A high-level commission has been set up to look into appalling medical experiments carried out by U.S. researchers on hundreds of Guatemalans in the 1940s, and the government of this Central American country is debating alternative ways for the United States to make reparations.
"These acts should be condemned and the case brought to trial," Amílcar Pop, an indigenous Guatemalan lawyer, told IPS. "We need to repudiate what happened and condemn the attitudes that made it possible. Humanity has evolved and these actions cannot be tolerated under any circumstances. What the United States did was a crime against humanity."
In an Oct. 1 statement, the U.S. government acknowledged that between 1946 and 1948, U.S. medical researchers deliberately infected at least 696 Guatemalans with sexually transmitted infections (STI) without information or consent, and formally apologised.
U.S. President Barack Obama also personally apologised to Guatemalan President Álvaro Colom in a telephone conversation, and promised an "exhaustive investigation" into the matter.
The news triggered a public outcry, with indignant Guatemalans rejecting the U.S. government's apologies as insufficient, and demanding justice.
The Guatemalan investigating commission is made up of Vice President Rafael Espada and representatives of the ministries of health, interior, defence and foreign relations, as well as members of the Guatemalan College of Physicians and Surgeons.
Pop said the work of the commission will be of prime importance in seeking legal and moral condemnation of those responsible for the experimentation.
Researcher Susan Reverby of Wellesley College in the state of Massachusetts revealed that U.S. medical doctor John Cutler carried out human experiments in Guatemala, mainly among soldiers, prison inmates and mental patients, whom he infected with syphilis, gonorrhoea and other STIs, purportedly to test the effectiveness of penicillin.
Paradoxically, at the so-called "Nazi Doctors' Trials" in Nuremberg, Germany in 1945 and 1946, the United States tried, convicted and sentenced a score of Nazi doctors for performing macabre experiments on thousands of Jews during World War II.
The aim of Cutler's research, which had the approval of the U.S. Public Health Service during the administration of President Harry Truman (1945-1953), was to develop preventive treatments and improve diagnostic tests for STIs. But according to Reverby, it never produced any useful information. Around one third of those who were infected never received adequate treatment
http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=53131
So, why is it that people are appalled by the testing on these people, which IS truly horrible, but not appalled by the testing on our own U.S. people around the same period of time?
With the following source, I am only citing the experimentation done more recently. For older (and still as dramatic and horrifying) testing information, please see my source link below this list...
(1990)
The United States sends 1.7 million members of the armed forces, 22 percent of whom are African-American, to the Persian Gulf for the
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca War ("Desert Storm"). More than 400,000 of these soldiers are ordered to take an experimental nerve agent
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca called pyridostigmine, which is later believed to be the cause of Gulf War Syndrome --
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Caranging from skin
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, neurological disorders, incontinence, uncontrollable drooling and vision problems -- affecting Gulf War veterans (Goliszek;
Merritte,' target='_blank'>http://www.bsos.umd.edu/gvpt/lawonl... et al.).
The CDC and Kaiser Pharmaceuticals of Southern California inject 1,500 six-month-old black and Hispanic
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca in Los Angeles with an "experimental" measles vaccine that had never been licensed for use in the United States. Adding to the
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, children less than a year old may not have an adequate amount of myelin around their nerves, possibly resulting in impaired neural development because of the vaccine. The CDC later admits that parents were never informed that the vaccine being injected into their children was experimental (Goliszek).
The FDA allows the U.S. Department of Defense to waive the Nuremberg Code and use unapproved drugs and vaccines in Operation Desert Shield (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(1991)
In the May 27 issue of the
Los Angeles Times, former U.S. Navy
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca operator Richard Jenkins writes that he suffers from
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, chronic fatigue and kidney and liver disease as a result of the radiation
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca he received in 1958's Operation Hardtack (Goliszek).
While participating in a UCLA study that withdraws schizophrenics off of their
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, Tony LaMadrid commits suicide (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(1992)
Columbia University's New York State Psychiatric Institute and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine give 100 males -- mostly African-American and Hispanic, all between the ages of six and 10 and all the younger brothers of juvenile delinquents -- 10 milligrams of fenfluramine (fen-fen) per kilogram of body weight in order to test the theory that low serotonin levels are linked to violent or aggressive behavior. Parents of the participants received $125 each, including a $25 Toys 'R' Us gift certificate (Goliszek).
(1993)
Researchers at the West Haven VA in Connecticut give 27 schizophrenics -- 12 inpatients and 15 functioning volunteers -- a chemical called MCPP that significantly increases their psychotic symptoms and, as researchers note, negatively affects the test subjects on a long-term basis (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
(1994)
In a double-blind experiment at New York VA Hospital, researchers take 23 schizophrenic inpatients off of their medications for a median of 30 days. They then give 17 of them 0.5 mg/kg amphetamine and six a placebo as a control, following up with PET scans at Brookhaven Laboratories. According to the researchers, the purpose of the experiment was "to specifically evaluate metabolic effects in subjects with varying degrees of amphetamine-induced psychotic exacerbation" (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
Albuquerque Tribune reporter Eileen Welsome receives a Pulitzer Prize for her investigative reporting into Col. Warren's plutonium experiments on patients at Strong Memorial Hospital in 1945 (
Burton' target='_blank'>http://www.burtonreport.com/InfFore... Report).
In a federally funded experiment at New York VA Medical Center, researchers give schizophrenic
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca amphetamine, even though central
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca system stimulants worsen psychotic symptoms in 40 percent of schizophrenics (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc...of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
Researchers at Bronx VA Medical Center recruit 28 schizophrenic veterans who are functioning in society and give them L-dopa in order to deliberately induce psychotic relapse (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
President Clinton appoints the Advisory Commission on Human Radiation Experiments (ACHRE), which finally reveals the horrific experiments conducted during the Cold War era in its
ACHRE' target='_blank'>http://www.eh.doe.gov/ohre/roadmap/... Report.
(1995)
A 19-year-old University of Rochester student named Nicole Wan dies from participating in an MIT-sponsored experiment that tests airborne pollutant chemicals on humans. The experiment pays $150 to human test subjects (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
In the Mar. 15 President's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (ACHRE), former human subjects, including those who were used in experiments as children, give sworn testimonies stating that they were subjected to radiation experiments and/or brainwashed, hypnotized, drugged, psychologically tortured, threatened and even raped during CIA experiments. These sworn statements include:
- Christina DeNicola's statement that, in Tucson, Ariz., from 1966 to 1976, "Dr. B" performed mind control experiments using drugs, post-hypnotic injection and drama, and irradiation experiments on her neck, throat, chest and uterus. She was only four years old when the experiments started.
- Claudia Mullen's http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca that Dr. Sidney Gottlieb (of MKULTRA fame) used chemicals, radiation, hypnosis, drugs, isolation in tubs ofhttp://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, sleep deprivation, electrichttp://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, brainwashing and emotional, sexual and verbalhttp://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca as part of mind control experiments that had the ultimate objective of turning her, who was only a child at the time, into the "perfect spy." She tells the advisory committee that researchers justified this abuse by telling her that she was serving her country "in their bold effort to fight Communism."
- Suzanne Starr's statement that "a physician, who was retired from the military, got children from the mountains of Colorado for experiments." She says she was one of those children and that she was the victim of experiments involvinghttp://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca deprivation to the point of forced psychosis, spin programming, injections, rape and frequent electroshock and mind control sessions. "I have fought self-destructive programmed messages to kill myself, and I know what a programmed message is, and I don’t act on them," she tells the advisory committee of the experiments' long-lasting effects, even in her adulthood (Goliszek).
President Clinton publicly apologizes to the thousands of people who were victims of MKULTRA and other mind-control experimental programs (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
In Dr. Daniel P. van Kammen's study, "Behavioral vs. Biochemical Prediction of Clinical Stability Following Haloperidol Withdrawal in Schizophrenia," researchers recruit 88 veterans who are stabilized by their medications enough to make them functional in society, and hospitalize them for eight to 10 weeks. During this time, the researchers stop giving the veterans the medications that are enabling them to live in society, placing them back on a two- to four-week regimen of the standard dose of Haldol. Then, the veterans are "washed-out," given lumbar punctures and put under six-week observation to see who would relapse and suffer symptomatic
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca once again; 50 percent do (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
President Clinton appoints the National Bioethics Advisory Committee (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
Justice Edward Greenfield of the New York State Supreme Court rules that parents do not have the right to volunteer their mentally incapacitated children for non-therapeutic
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca research studies and that no mentally incapacitated person whatsoever can be used in a medical experiment without informed consent (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(1996)
Professor Adil E. Shamoo of the University of Maryland and the organization Citizens for Responsible Care and Research sends a written testimony on the unethical use of veterans in medical research to the U.S. Senate's Committee on Governmental Affairs, stating: "This type of research is on-going nationwide in medical centers and VA hospitals supported by tens of millions of dollars of taxpayers money. These experiments are high risk and are abusive, causing not only physical and psychic harm to the most vulnerable groups but also degrading our society’s system of basic human values. Probably tens of thousands of patients are being subjected to such experiments" (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
The Department of Defense admits that Gulf War soldiers were exposed to chemical agents; however, 33 percent of all military personnel afflicted with Gulf War Syndrome never left the United States during the war, discrediting the popular mainstream belief that these symptoms are a result of exposure to Iraqi chemical weapons (
Merritte,' target='_blank'>http://www.bsos.umd.edu/gvpt/lawonl... et al.).
In a federally funded experiment at West Haven VA in Connecticut, Yale University researchers give schizophrenic veterans amphetamine, even though central nervous system stimulants worsen psychotic symptoms in 40 percent of schizophrenics (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
President Clinton issues a formal apology to the subjects of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and their families (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(1997)
In order to expose unethical medical experiments that provoke psychotic relapse in schizophrenic patients, the
Boston Globe publishes a four-part series entitled "Doing Harm: Research on the Mentally Ill" (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
Researchers give 26 veterans at a VA
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca a chemical called Yohimbine to purposely induce post-traumatic stress disorder (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
In order to create a "psychosis model," University of Cincinnati researchers give 16 schizophrenic patients at Cincinnati VA amphetamine in order to provoke repeats bouts of psychosis and eventually produce "behavioral sensitization" (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) researchers give schizophrenic veterans amphetamine, even though central nervous system stimulants worsen psychotic symptoms in 40 percent of schizophrenics (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
In an experiment sponsored by the U.S. government, researchers withhold medical treatment from HIV-positive African-American pregnant women, giving them a placebo rather than AIDS medication (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
Researchers give amphetamine to 13 schizophrenic patients in a repetition of the 1994 "amphetamine challenge" at New York VA Hospital. As a result, the patients experience psychosis, delusions and hallucinations. The researchers claim to have informed consent (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
On Sept. 18, victims of unethical medical experiments at major U.S. research centers, including the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) testify before the National Bioethics Advisory Committee (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(1999)
Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D. testifies on "The Unethical Use of Human Beings in High-Risk Research Experiments" before the U.S. House of Representatives' House Committee on Veterans' Affairs, alerting the House on the use of American veterans in VA Hospitals as human guinea pigs and calling for national reforms (
"Testimony' target='_blank'>http://www.house.gov/va/hearings/sc... of Adil E. Shamoo, Ph.D.").
Doctors at the University of Pennsylvania inject 18-year-old Jesse Gelsinger with an experimental gene therapy as part of an FDA-approved clinical trial. He dies four days later and his father suspects that he was not fully informed of the experiment's risk (Goliszek)
During a clinical trial investigating the effectiveness of Propulsid for infant acid reflux, nine-month-old Gage Stevens dies at Children's Hospital in Pittsburgh (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(2000)
The Department of Defense begins declassifying the records of Project 112, including SHAD, and locating and assisting the veterans who were exposed to live
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca and chemical agents as part of Project 112. Many of them have already died (Goliszek).
President Clinton authorizes the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Act, which compensates the Department of Energy workers who sacrificed their health to build the United States' nuclear defenses (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
The U.S. Air Force and rocket maker Lockheed Martin sponsor a Loma Linda University study that pays 100 Californians $1,000 to eat a dose of
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca -- a toxic component of rocket fuel that causes cancer, damages the thyroid gland and hinders normal development in children and fetuses -- every day for six months. The dose eaten by the test subjects is 83 times the safe dose of perchlorate set by the State of California, which has perchlorate in some of its drinking water. This Loma Linda study is the first large-scale study to use human subjects to test the harmful effects of a water pollutant and is "inherently unethical," according to
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca Working Group research director Richard Wiles (Goliszek,
Envirnomental' target='_blank'>http://www.corpwatch.org/article.ph...Working Group).
(2001)
Healthy 27-year-old Ellen
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca dies in a challenge study at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
On its website,
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca FDA admits that its policy to include healthy children in human experiments "has led to an increasing number of proposals for studies of
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca and pharmacokinetics, including those in children who do not have the condition for which the drug is intended" (Goliszek).
During a tobacco industry-financed Alzheimer's experiment at Case Western University in Cleveland, Elaine Holden-Able dies after she drinks a glass of orange juice containing a dissolved dietary supplement (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
Radiologist Scott Scheer of Pennsylvania dies from kidney
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, severe anemia and possibly lupus -- all caused by blood pressure drugs he was taking as part of a five-year clinical trial. After his
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca, his family sues the Institutional Review Board of Main Line Hospitals, the hospital that oversaw the study, and two doctors. Investigators from the federal Office for Human Research Protections, which is part of the Department of Health and Human Services, later conclude in a Dec. 20, 2002 letter to Scheer's oldest daughter: "Your father apparently was not told about the risk of hydralazine-induced lupus … OHRP found that certain unanticipated problems involving risks to subjects or others were not promptly reported to appropriate institutional officials" (
Willen' target='_blank'>http://www.wsws.org/articles/2002/o... and Evans, "Doctor Who Died in Drug Test Was Betrayed by System He Trusted.")
In
Higgins and Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger Institute The Maryland Court of Appeals makes a landmark decision regarding the use of children as test subjects, prohibiting non-therapeutic experimentation on children on the basis of "best interest of the individual child" (
Sharav' target='_blank'>http://www.ahrp.org/history/chronol...).
(2002)
President George W. Bush signs the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act (BPCA), offering pharmaceutical companies six-month exclusivity in exchange for running clinical drug trials on children. This will of course increase the number of children used as human test subjects (
Hammer' target='_blank'>http://www.law.harvard.edu/students... Breslow).
(2003)
Two-year-old Michael Daddio of Delaware dies of congestive
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca failure. After his death, his parents learn that doctors had performed an experimental surgery on him when he was five months old, rather than using the established surgical method of repairing his congenital heart defect that the parents had been told would be performed. The established procedure has a 90- to 95-percent success rate, whereas the inventor of the procedure performed on baby Daddio would later be fired from his hospital in 2004 (
Willen' target='_blank'>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?...and Evans, "Parents of Babies Who Died in Delaware Tests Weren't Warned").
(2004)
In his
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca documentary "Guinea Pig Kids" and BBC News
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca of the same name, reporter Jamie Doran reveals that children involved in the New York City foster care system were unwitting human subjects in experimental AIDS drug trials from 1988 to, in his belief, present times (
Doran' target='_blank'>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programm...).
(2005)
In response to the BBC documentary and article
"Guinea' target='_blank'>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programm... Pig Kids", the New York City Administration of Children's Services (
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca) sends out an Apr. 22 press release admitting that foster care children were used in experimental AIDS drug trials, but says that the last trial took place in 2001 and thus the trials are not continuing, as BBC reporter Jamie Doran claims. The ACS gives the extent and statistics of the experimental drug trials, based on its own records, and contracts the Vera Institute of Justice to conduct "an independent review of ACS policy and practice regarding the enrollment of HIV-positive children in foster care in clinical drug trials during the late 1980s and 1990s" (
New' target='_blank'>http://www.nyc.gov/html/acs/html/pr... York City ACS).
In exchange for receiving $2 million from the American Chemical Society,
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca EPA proposes the Children's Health Environmental Exposure Research Study (CHEERS) to learn how children ranging from infancy to three years old ingest, inhale and absorb chemicals by exposing children from a poor, predominantly black area of Duval County, Fla., to these toxins. Due to pressure from activist groups, negative media coverage and two Democratic senators, the
http://www.naturalnews.com/%3Ca eventually decides to drop the study on Apr. 8, 2005 (
Organic' target='_blank'>http://www.organicconsumers.org/epa... Consumers Association).
Bloomberg releases a series of reports suggesting that SFBC, the largest experimental drug testing center of its time, exploits immigrant and other low-income test subjects and runs tests with limited credibility due to violations of both the FDA's and SFBC's own testing guidelines (
Bloomberg' target='_blank'>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?...).
http://www.firetown.com/blog/2010/11/13/human-medical-experimentation-in-the-united-states-the-shocking-true-history-of-modern-medicine-and-psychiatry-1833-1965/
Of particular interest to those of us currently suffering from Lyme Disease is Operation Paperclip.
Welcome to Operation PaperclipOperation Paperclip was the codename under which the US intelligence and military services extricated scientists from Germany, during and after the final stages of World War II. The project was originally called Operation Overcast, and is sometimes also known as Project Paperclip.
Of particular interest were scientists specialising in aerodynamics and rocketry (such as those involved in the V-1 and V-2 projects), chemical weapons, chemical reaction technology and medicine. These scientists and their families were secretly brought to the United States, without State Department review and approval; their service for Hitler's Third Reich, NSDAP and SS memberships as well as the classification of many as war criminals or security threats also disqualified them from officially obtaining visas. An aim of the operation was capturing equipment before the Soviets came in. The US Army destroyed some of the German equipment to prevent it from being captured by the advancing Soviet Army.
http://www.operationpaperclip.info/index.php
FTR #480 Plum Island, Lyme Disease and the Erich Traub File
Tags
9/11,
Bio Weapons,
CIA,
Cover-Up,
Eco-Fascism,
Money Laundering,
Nazi,
OSS,
Paperclip,
Rockefeller,
SS,
Underground Reich,
USSR Recorded October 3, 2004REALAUDIO
NB: This stream contains both FTRs 479 and 480 in sequence. Each is a 30 minute broadcast.
In the mid-1970’s Lyme Disease broke out in Connecticut and it has since spread through much of the United States. This program examines the possibility that Lyme Disease may have spread as a result of clandestine experimentation on biological warfare on Plum Island—a Department of Agriculture facility that doubled as an Army BW research facility. Dedicated to the study of animal diseases, Plum Island appears to have been the site of experiments with disease-infected ticks conducted by Nazi scientists brought into the United States under Project Paperclip. One of the Nazi scientists who appears to have been involved with Plum Island was Dr. Erich Traub, who was in charge of the Third Reich’s virological and bacteriological warfare program in World War II. Was Traub involved with experiments that led to the spread of Lyme Disease?
Program Highlights Include: Examination of Traub’s studies in the US prior to World War II; Traub’s pro-Nazi activities inside the US before the war; John Loftus’ discovery of references in the National Archives to Nazi scientists experimenting with diseased ticks on Plum Island; Lyme Disease activist Steven Nostrum’s discovery of Loftus’ findings and his work investigating Plum Island; Details of Traub’s involvement with Plum Island; files about Tick Research and Erich Traub that have been purged;
Scientific American’s dismissal of the Plum Island/Traub/Paperclip/Lyme Disease link; the Nazi heritage of the Von Holtzbrinck firm—which owns
Scientific American; Plum Island experimentation with the disease-carrying “Lone Star Tick”; the fact that the Lone Star Tick—native to Texas—has somehow spread to New York, New Jersey and Connecticut!
1. In order to understand how Erich Traub came to the United States, it is important to understand Project PAPERCLIP. The program begins with a synoptic account of that project and how its prosecution led to Traub’s entry to the United States and his involvement with Plum Island: “Nearing the end of World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union raced to recruit German scientists for postwar purposes. Under a top-secret program code-named Project PAPERCLIP, the U.S. military pursued Nazi scientific talent ‘like forbidden fruit,’ bringing them to America under employment contracts and offering them full U.S. citizenship. The recruits were supposed to be nominal participants in Nazi activities. But the zealous military recruited more than two thousand scientists, many of whom had dark Nazi party pasts.”
(Lab 257: the Disturbing Story of the Government’s Secret Plum Island Germ Laboratory; by Michael Christopher Carroll; Copyright 2004 by Michael Christopher Carroll; HarperCollins [HC]; p. 7.)
Please read more here...
http://spitfirelist.com/for-the-record/ftr-480-plum-island-lyme-disease-and-the-erich-traub-file/
